The Neonatal-Perinatal Health Care Services of NSLIJHS oversees the care of approximately 23,000 newborn infants each year, managed over a total of ten facilities. Sick and critically ill newborns who must remain hospitalized receive care in the Health System's highly specialized neonatal ICUs.

Their illnesses may include cardiopulmonary disease, congenital heart disease, surgical conditions, or general neonatal medical conditions of hematological, gastrointestinal, renal, neurological and neurosurgical, respiratory, endocrine, and orthopedic systems.

Depending upon their condition, newborn infants may require intensive care for only a few hours, or may require hospitalization for several weeks or months. In addition, premature or multiple birth infants often require care provided by the Neonatal-Perinatal Health Care Team.